| ひらがな - Hiragana |
Romaji
(English Letters) |
English Meaning |
| Base 1 + ない |
Base 1 + nai |
plain form negative (will not verb) |
| Base 1 + なかった |
Base 1 + nakatta |
plain form past negative (did not verb) |
| Base 2 + ます |
Base 2 + masu |
polite form present/future tense |
| Base 2 + ました |
Base 2 + mashita |
polite form past tense |
| Base 2 + ません |
Base 2 + masen |
polite form negative (will not verb) |
| Base 2 + ませんでした |
Base 2 + masen deshita |
polite form past negative (did not verb) |
| Base 2 + たい |
Base 2 + tai |
want to verb (add です (desu) to make it polite) |
| Base 3 |
Base 3 |
plain form present/future tense |
| Base 4 + ば |
Base 4 + ba |
if verb |
| Base 4 + る |
Base 4 + ru |
plain form can verb (Godan verbs only)
(verb now becomes an Ichidan verb) |
| Base 4 + ます |
Base 4 + masu |
polite form can verb (can be changed like above) |
| Base 5 + とする |
Base 5 + to suru |
try to verb
(this suru is the same verb learned in lesson 7 (to do something)) |
| Base "te" + 欲しい |
Base "te" + hoshii |
want someone else to verb
(hoshii is an adjective which will be covered in the next lesson) |
| Base "te" |
Base "te" |
plain form command |
| Base "te" + 下さい |
Base "te" + kudasai |
polite form command |
| Base "te" + いる |
Base "te" + iru |
plain form presently verbing
(this iru is the same verb learned in lesson 7 (to exist (animate)) |
| Base "te" + います |
Base "te" + imasu |
polite form presently verbing (can be changed like above) |
| Base "ta" |
Base "ta" |
plain form past tense |
| Base "ta" + ら |
Base "ta" + ra |
if and when I verb (similar to Base 4 + ba) |
| Base "ta" + りする |
Base "ta" + ri suru |
do such things as...
(this suru is also the same verb learned in lesson 7 (to do something)) |
